Space Mission

Coverage of upcoming and past space missions, rocket launches, crewed and uncrewed flights, and updates from ISRO, NASA, SpaceX, and other major agencies.

China Launched Zhangheng-1 02 Satellite, But Why?

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China has launched the Zhangheng-1 02 satellite to study electromagnetic fields and support research in earthquake prediction, tsunamis, and space weather. The satellite was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.

Today 14 June, 2025 on Saturday china aerospace science and technology launched Zhangheng-1 02 satellite for natural disaster forecasting.
Zhangheng-1 02 satellite lifting off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center for Earth and space weather research (image credit CASC).

 

China Launched Zhangheng-1 02 satellite For Natural Disaster Forecasting

In a major step toward improving Earth observation and natural disaster forecasting, China successfully launched the Zhangheng-1 02 satellite on Saturday from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. Officially known as the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite, this spacecraft is designed to monitor and study global electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic waves, and various parameters within the ionosphere and neutral atmosphere.

The satellite is named after Zhang Heng, an ancient Chinese scientist and inventor of the world’s first seismograph. This legacy lives on through the satellite’s mission to explore how electromagnetic signals in Earth’s atmosphere can be used to detect early signs of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, extreme weather conditions, and space weather phenomena.

Zhangheng-1 02 satellite: A Collaborative Scientific Mission

The Zhangheng-1 02 satellite carries a suite of nine scientific payloads, making it a comprehensive platform for monitoring geophysical and atmospheric conditions.

Among these instruments are:

  • An electric field detector, developed through a joint collaboration between China and Italy.

A high-energy particle detector, designed by Italian scientists, which will measure radiation and particle activity in space.

These advanced instruments will allow scientists to gather precise data from both the ionosphere and magnetosphere, which are known to be influenced by tectonic activity and solar storms.

Dual-Satellite System for Enhanced Coverage

This launch follows the earlier success of Zhangheng-1 01, which was launched in 2018. With the addition of Zhangheng-1 02, China now has a two-satellite system working in tandem to cover a broader scope of Earth’s electromagnetic environment. The two satellites will coordinate their observations to offer higher temporal and spatial resolution, providing a more reliable basis for geophysical research and real-time monitoring.

By synchronizing data collected from different points in Earth’s orbit, scientists can compare fluctuations in electromagnetic signals more accurately and identify potential patterns or anomalies that may precede natural disasters.

Broader Applications and Global Impact

While the satellite’s primary goal is to aid in earthquake forecasting, its mission goes beyond geophysics. The Zhangheng-1 02 satellite is also expected to contribute valuable insights into:

  • Tsunami prediction
  • Volcanic activity
  • Climate-related extreme weather

Space weather disturbances, including solar flares and magnetic storms

As solar activity increases toward the peak of the current solar cycle, understanding space weather has become especially important for satellite operators, aviation safety, and national infrastructure systems like power grids and navigation networks.

China’s Expanding Role in Space-Based Disaster Research

This launch highlights China’s growing investment in space-based technologies aimed at disaster preparedness and environmental monitoring. The country has developed several satellite constellations in recent years that focus on land observation, marine surveillance, and meteorological research.

With Zhangheng-1 02 now in orbit, China continues to strengthen its position as a leader in using space science for humanitarian and environmental benefit.

News Source:-

https://x.com/CNSpaceflight/status/1933824364203675976?t=OaClH_9LxQDynx5XP8LMvw&s=19

https://english.spacechina.com/

More Details About the Zhangheng-1 02 Satellite and Its Mission

Q1. What is the Zhangheng-1 02 satellite?
Zhangheng-1 02 is a Chinese Earth observation satellite launched to monitor global electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic waves, and related atmospheric parameters. It is officially known as the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite and is designed to support research into earthquake prediction, space weather, and natural disaster forecasting.

Q2. When and where was the satellite launched?
The Zhangheng-1 02 satellite was launched on Saturday, June 2025, from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China.

Q3. Why is it called Zhangheng-1?
The satellite is named after Zhang Heng, an ancient Chinese polymath and the inventor of the first known seismograph. The name reflects the satellite’s purpose in monitoring seismic activity and Earth’s electromagnetic behavior.

Q4. What does the satellite aim to study?
Zhangheng-1 02 is tasked with monitoring:

  • Global electromagnetic fields
  • Electromagnetic waves in the ionosphereParameters of the neutral atmosphere
    Its data will help in the scientific study of:
  • Earthquakes
  • Tsunamis
  • Volcanic eruptions
  • Extreme weather

Solar activity and space weather

Q5. What are the satellite’s key instruments?
The satellite carries nine scientific payloads, including:

An electric field detector, developed jointly by China and Italy

A high-energy particle detector, designed by Italy
These instruments will help monitor both geophysical and solar-related changes in Earth’s near-space environment.

Q6. How does it work with the earlier Zhangheng-1 01 satellite?
Zhangheng-1 02 will work in coordination with Zhangheng-1 01, launched in 2018. Together, they form a dual-satellite system to enhance observation coverage and provide better time-synchronized data, increasing the accuracy of predictions related to seismic and space activity.

Q7. How will this satellite help in predicting natural disasters?
By analyzing changes in electromagnetic signals in Earth’s upper atmosphere, scientists can study early signs or precursors of major natural events like earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. Although it does not guarantee exact predictions, the satellite will provide more scientific data to improve forecasting models.

Q8. Will the satellite benefit other areas besides earthquake studies?
Yes. In addition to seismic monitoring, Zhangheng-1 02 will support:

  • Space weather prediction (solar storms, magnetic disturbances)
  • Tsunami and volcanic eruption research
  • Climate monitoring and extreme weather detection

Enhancing satellite safety and navigation systems through real-time space data

Q9. Is this satellite part of a global collaboration?
Yes. The mission includes international cooperation, particularly with Italy, which contributed to the development of some of the onboard scientific instruments. It reflects China’s growing efforts to work globally in space science and disaster preparedness.

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Axiom-4 Mission To ISS Rescheduled for June 19, 2025 After Technical Fixes-Revealed By ISRO Chief

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Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla and crew-4 during pre-launch training for Axiom-4 mission to the International Space Station
Axiom-4 Mission Rescheduled updates- all Axiom-4 mission crew-4 including Shubhanshu Shukla posing for media photographs in suit ( photo credit Axiom Space)

The Axiom-4 mission, carrying Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla, is now rescheduled for June 19, 2025, following successful resolution of technical issues. Learn more about the mission details and its significance.

Axiom-4 Mission to ISS Rescheduled for June 19 After Resolution of Launch Delays

In a major update for the global space community, the Axiom-4 mission—set to carry Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla to the International Space Station (ISS)—has officially been rescheduled for June 19, 2025. This announcement comes after a delay triggered by technical complications that forced mission planners to pause the original launch timeline.

The mission, developed through a collaboration between Axiom Space, NASA, and SpaceX, marks a significant milestone for India as it includes one of the nation’s astronauts participating in a commercial crewed mission to the ISS. Shubhanshu Shukla, a test pilot with the Indian Air Force, is part of a four-member international crew assigned to spend several days aboard the orbital laboratory.

Reason for Delay

Originally slated for launch earlier this month, the mission had to be postponed due to two main issues: a liquid oxygen leak discovered in the Falcon 9 rocket, and a minor but concerning pressure leak detected aboard the space station itself. These issues raised safety flags that prompted NASA and SpaceX to delay the mission for further technical assessments and resolution.

Following an intensive troubleshooting and validation process by engineers from SpaceX and NASA, both problems were reportedly resolved. The Falcon 9 rocket has since passed all necessary safety checks, and the ISS systems are now deemed ready to receive the incoming crew.

New Launch Date and Readiness

According to official statements from both Axiom Space and SpaceX, the mission is now confirmed for launch on June 19, 2025. The launch will take place from Launch Complex 39A at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

Shubhanshu Shukla and his fellow crew members have resumed their final preparations, including pre-flight health checks, mission simulations, and technical briefings. They are expected to undergo the final phase of crew quarantine starting in the coming days to ensure health and safety standards are maintained prior to launch.

Significance for India

This mission holds particular importance for India as it represents one of the few times an Indian citizen will travel to space since Rakesh Sharma’s historic mission in 1984. While not part of India’s national space program, the involvement of an Indian astronaut in a NASA-backed, privately organized mission demonstrates India’s expanding footprint in the global space sector.

In addition, the mission underscores the growing trend of commercial spaceflight and the increasing participation of private companies in human space exploration.

What’s Next?

The Axiom-4 mission will involve a stay of approximately 10 to 14 days on the International Space Station, during which the crew will conduct scientific experiments, educational outreach, and research activities aligned with microgravity-based innovations.

If further updates emerge, especially concerning weather or technical constraints, Axiom Space and NASA have confirmed they will issue timely notifications.

For now, all eyes remain on June 19 as the launch date of this historic mission, which continues to capture attention not just in India, but across the global space community.


News Source:-

https://x.com/DrJitendraSingh/status/1933777868107940026?t=EEaEJ1QUjdcczRyNmBWvHw&s=19

People Also Want to Know more-

1. What is the Axiom-4 mission?

The Axiom-4 mission is a privately funded spaceflight organized by Axiom Space in collaboration with NASA and SpaceX. It will carry four astronauts, including Indian Air Force pilot Shubhanshu Shukla, to the International Space Station (ISS) for a short-duration mission focused on scientific research and commercial outreach.

2. When is the Axiom-4 mission scheduled to launch?

The Axiom-4 mission is now scheduled for launch on June 19, 2025. This new date comes after the resolution of earlier technical issues related to the launch vehicle and the ISS.

3. Why was the mission delayed earlier?

The mission was postponed due to two key technical problems:

  • A liquid oxygen leak in the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket.
  • A pressure leak aboard the ISS, which required safety checks and system repairs.

Both issues have since been resolved by NASA and SpaceX teams.

4. Who is Shubhanshu Shukla?

Shubhanshu Shukla is an Indian Air Force test pilot and selected crew member of Axiom-4. He will be the first Indian astronaut in decades to travel to space, and the first to do so on a commercially operated international mission. His participation marks a major milestone for India’s presence in global space exploration.

5. How long will the Axiom-4 crew stay on the ISS?

The Axiom-4 mission is expected to last 10 to 14 days aboard the ISS. During this time, the astronauts will participate in research experiments, technology demonstrations, and educational activities.

6. Where will the mission launch from?

The mission will launch from Launch Complex 39A at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, USA. This historic site has been the launchpad for many space missions, including those from the Apollo and Space Shuttle programs.

7. What kind of work will be done during the mission?

Axiom-4 crew members will conduct experiments in microgravity across multiple disciplines, such as life sciences, material science, and Earth observation. They will also participate in commercial and educational activities aimed at increasing global interest in space research and technology.

8. How is this mission significant for India?

This mission is especially important for India as it marks the country’s return to human space travel after several decades. Although Shubhanshu Shukla’s participation is not part of ISRO’s Gaganyaan program, it represents India’s growing contribution to international space missions and commercial spaceflight collaborations.

9. Who are the other members of the Axiom-4 crew?

Alongside Shubhanshu Shukla, the Axiom-4 mission includes three other astronauts from various countries. Their identities and roles may vary based on training assignments and final crew validation by Axiom Space and NASA. Full crew details are typically confirmed a few weeks before the launch.

10. Where can I follow live updates of the launch?

Live updates, launch coverage, and mission tracking will be provided through:

  • Axiom Space’s official website
  • NASA TV and NASA’s website
  • SpaceX’s official social media and YouTube channels

News outlets covering global space activity will also carry major announcements before and during the launch window.

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Indian Astronaut Shukla Ax4 crew Expresses Gratitude Ahead of Historic June 10 Space Mission

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Ax4 crew Shubhashu Shukla set for historic space mission to ISS from India.

The Ax4 crew and SpaceX teams completed a full rehearsal of launch day activities ahead of liftoff on Tuesday (image credit Axiom Space).
Ax4 crew Shukla will be Second Indian to Travel to Space, 41 Years After Rakesh Sharma’s Iconic Mission
Indian astronaut Shubhashu Shukla Ax4 crew will make history on (mission halted due to oxygen leakage new launch date not announced yet ) as he becomes the second Indian to travel to space. His mission revives India’s legacy in human spaceflight after Rakesh Sharma’s historic 1984 journey.

Introduction: Ax4 crew Shukla-A Proud Moment for India
India is once again on the global spaceflight map as astronaut Shubhashu Shukla prepares for his much-anticipated space mission, scheduled for launch on June 10, 2025. This mission is a monumental milestone for India, coming 41 years after Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma became the first Indian to travel to space in 1984.
With this mission, Shukla will become only the second Indian citizen to reach space, a proud continuation of the legacy set by Sharma. The launch is part of an international collaboration involving a commercial spaceflight operator and major global space agencies, highlighting India’s growing stature in human space exploration.

Shubhashu Shukla: Inspired by Rakesh Sharma, Driven by Purpose

Shubhashu Shukla, a trained aerospace engineer and mission specialist, has openly acknowledged the deep inspiration he draws from Rakesh Sharma’s 1984 Soyuz T-11 mission. Speaking just days ahead of the launch, Shukla said:
“I feel extremely fortunate and honored to be a part of this historic mission. This is not just a personal achievement — it is a moment of pride for the entire nation.”
Shukla’s selection followed a rigorous training regime that included simulations, high-gravity conditioning, spacewalk preparation, and survival training in extreme environments. He underwent his final pre-launch quarantine in early June to minimize health risks before takeoff.

The Ax-4 crew and SpaceX teams completed a full rehearsal of launch day activities ahead of liftoff on Tuesday

Mission Overview: International Collaboration, Scientific Objectives

The upcoming spaceflight will be launched aboard a crewed capsule headed to the International Space Station (ISS). It is part of a broader international partnership involving Axiom Space, NASA, ESA, and several private space tech providers. While detailed mission parameters remain classified due to international protocols, the objectives are said to include:

  • Microgravity experiments
  • Earth observation tasks
  • Biomedical monitoring
  • Technology demonstrations for future space habitats

The mission is not just a symbolic one; it plays a key role in expanding the scope of India’s participation in human space science and aligns closely with ISRO’s long-term goals for the Gaganyaan program.

Launch Details and Timeline

  • Launch Date: June 10, 2025
  • Location: Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA
  • Spacecraft: Commercial crew vehicle developed by Axiom Space
  • Mission Duration: Expected 10 days
  • Destination: International Space Station (Low Earth Orbit)

The launch will be streamed live across multiple platforms, including ISRO’s official channels, NASA TV, and various global media outlets

A Nation Watches with Hope and Pride

This moment is more than just a space mission — it is a source of national pride, scientific achievement, and inspiration for millions of students and future scientists across India. Shukla’s message to young Indians is clear:

“Space exploration is not just about rockets and astronauts. It is about science, innovation, and the belief that India can lead the world in advanced technologies.”

As the world looks skyward on June 10, India will have its eyes set on the stars — and one of its own heading straight toward them.

Why This Mission Matters: Key Takeaways

  • Rekindles Indian human spaceflight after 41 years
  • Strengthens India’s global space collaboration
  • Boosts interest in STEM education among youth

Marks a critical step towards India’s own human space program (Gaganyaan)

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. Who is Shubhashu Shukla?

Shubhashu Shukla is an Indian aerospace engineer and astronaut selected for an international space mission. He will be the second Indian to travel to space, following Rakesh Sharma’s historic mission in 1984.

2. When is Shubhashu Shukla’s space mission scheduled to launch?

The mission is scheduled to launch on June 10, 2025, from Kennedy Space Center, USA.

3. What is the purpose of this space mission?

The mission aims to conduct scientific experiments in microgravity, observe Earth from orbit, test biomedical responses in space, and support technology demonstrations for future space habitation.

4. How long will the mission last?

The expected mission duration is approximately 10 days, during which the crew will live and work aboard the International Space Station (ISS).

5. What makes this mission significant for India?

This is India’s first crewed space representation in over four decades and strengthens India’s participation in international space collaboration. It also builds momentum for India’s own upcoming human spaceflight program, Gaganyaan.

6. Will the launch be streamed live?

Yes, the launch will be broadcast live via official platforms including ISRO, NASA TV, and Axiom Space’s digital channels.

7. What type of spacecraft will carry Shubhashu Shukla to space?

The astronaut will fly aboard a commercial crew vehicle developed by Axiom Space, designed for safe travel to the International Space Station.